Each domain extension has a fixed registration period.

For the most common .com/net/org/info/biz domains, this period is between 1 and 10 years.

If such a domain is active, it can also be renewed for multiple years, but the total number of years after the renewal should not exceed 10.

The only exception is if you are renewing an already expired domain – in this case, the domain can be renewed only for 1 year, but once it is active, you can add several years with a single order.  

Most country-code extensions can be registered for less years – .ES between 1 and 5, .COM.AU for 2, and so on.

You can see the maximum period you can get a domain for if you try to order it or if you try to renew it from My Domains -> Registered Domains.